Drx Er Noman Zahoor

Alkaloids Introduction The term alkaloid (meaning “alkali-like”) refers to basic nitrogenous compounds of plant origin that are physiologically active. Over 21,000 alkaloids have been identified so far. They contain at least one nitrogen atom, are generally insoluble in water (but their salts are water-soluble), and are freely soluble in organic solvents like ether and chloroform. … Read more

LAXATIVES Laxatives are drugs that loosen the bowels and promote intestinal evacuation. They are indicated in constipation and for bowel clearance before diagnostic procedures or surgery. Aloe Castor Oil Ispaghula (Isabgol) Senna Leaves CARDIOTONICS Cardiotonic drugs increase the force of contraction of the heart muscle (myocardium). Examples include Digitalis, Squill, Arjuna bark, and several synthetic … Read more

What Are Surgical Dressings? A surgical dressing refers to any material — used alone or in combination — applied to cover a wound. The purpose of a dressing is to protect the wound and promote proper healing. Key functions of surgical dressings: Classification of Surgical Dressings A. Fibres B. Fabric C. Bandages D. Rubber and … Read more

Traditional Systems of Medicine Traditional systems of medicine have always played an important role in meeting global healthcare needs. In India, the major recognized systems are Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and Homoeopathy. Though Homoeopathy originated in Germany in the 18th century, it has been fully assimilated into Indian culture and is now considered part of the … Read more

Introduction The term medicinal plant covers any plant — or part of a plant such as its fruit, seed, stem, bark, flower, leaf, stigma, or root — used for medicinal purposes. The word “herb” itself is derived from the Latin herba and the old French herbes. India has been recognised since ancient civilisation as one … Read more

What Are Nutraceuticals? A nutraceutical is defined as a substance — a food or part of a food — that, in addition to its normal nutritional value, provides health benefits including the prevention of disease or promotion of health. Nutraceuticals are used to: The major disease areas where nutraceuticals have been studied and applied include … Read more

Introduction Herbal cosmetics are preparations that use plant-derived ingredients for both therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. This chapter covers six major herbal cosmetic agents — their sources, chemical constituents, commercial preparation methods, and their therapeutic and cosmetic uses. Aloe Vera Gel Chemical Constituents Barbaloin, Aloesin, Anthraquinone glycosides, Aloe-emodin-anthrone, Chrysophanic acid, Choline salicylate, Saponins. Therapeutic Uses Cosmetic … Read more

What Are Phytochemicals? Phytochemicals are substances produced mainly by plants that possess biological activity. In the pharmaceutical industry, plants represent the primary source for obtaining various active ingredients. Phytochemicals include: More than 500 individual dietary phytochemicals have been identified in plant foods — including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts — with varying content … Read more

NDDS Novel Drug Delivery System Introduction to NDDS Classification Of Novel Drug Delivery System 1. By Mode Of NDDS Targeted Drug Delivery System: Sustained Release Drug Delivery System: Controlled Release Drug Delivery System: 2. By Route Of Administration: Oral Drug Delivery System: Nasopulmonary drug delivery system: Pulmonary drug delivery is a route of administration in … Read more